Jimmy Carter, who died Sunday at age 100, was the longest-lived and the most consequential former president of the United States in at least the past century, achieving a number of accomplishments that changed the nation and the world for the better.
After leaving office in 1981, he went on to create a new legacy in support of democracy in developing nations as head of the Carter Center. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002, a first for an ex-president.
In awarding the prize to Mr. Carter, the Norwegian Nobel Committee praised him “for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development.”
Mr. Carter, a U.S. Naval Academy graduate and author of 32 books, had an admirable devotion to church and civic life. Even into his 90s, he continued to volunteer one week per year with Habitat for Humanity and taught Sunday school at Maranatha Baptist Church of Plains, Georgia. These duties were part of a long post-presidential life remarkable for its devotion to human rights, democracy and helping others.
Mr. Carter won’t be remembered as one of our greatest presidents — his single term in office was overshadowed by foreign and domestic events that at times overwhelmed him — but his outstanding traits as president and afterward were honesty and the strength of his personal character. He acted in what he believed to be the nation’s best interests without putting his career first — a rare quality for a politician, regardless of how anyone felt about his views and decisions.
Paul Volcker, whom he appointed to chair the Federal Reserve Board in 1979 against the advice of his top aides, warned Mr. Carter that he would “need to do something with the economy that is not going to be popular at all,” referring to a plan to fight high inflation by raising interest rates to levels that would — and did — force the economy into recession during the 1980 presidential election year.
Jimmy Carter with wife Rosalynn Carter at the Democratic National Convention in Madison Square Garden in New York on July 15, 1976. (AP Photo)
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According to presidential aide Stuart Eizenstat, who took notes at the meeting, Mr. Carter replied, “I need to get somebody in here who will take care of the economy — let me take care of the politics.”
Mr. Carter opened diplomatic relations with China and got Congress to create a special protective relationship with Taiwan. He arranged the controversial return of the Panama Canal to Panama, made human rights a major focus of U.S. foreign policy toward the Soviet Union, created the Cabinet-level departments of Energy and Education and instituted the federal deregulation of transportation and other economic sectors. He was one of our greenest presidents, leaving a lasting mark through his environmental and conservation efforts, including doubling the size of the National Park System.
Significantly, his eight-day private meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat resulted in the Camp David Accords that led to peace between Egypt and Israel. Both Mr. Begin and Mr. Sadat were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their agreement.
But Mr. Carter’s greatest personal strength, his directness and honesty, also limited him as a politician. As Mr. Eizenstat observed in a biography of his former boss, Mr. Carter’s concern that the nation was headed in the wrong direction led to speeches that preached “sacrifice and pain,” in contrast to Ronald Reagan’s sunnier message of “hope and optimism.” He often told supporters at campaign rallies, “I won’t lie to you.”
In July 1979, the nation faced high inflation and a serious gasoline shortage. Mr. Carter decided it also faced a crisis of confidence. He assembled a wide range of advisers at Camp David to get their views. In what widely became known as his “malaise” speech, President Carter cited some of the advice he had received: “This from a Southern governor: ‘Mr. President, you are not leading this nation — you’re just managing the government.’”
That governor was South Carolina’s Richard Riley.
President-elect Jimmy Carter shake hands with a crowd of tourists outside Plains Baptist Church. The future first family attended services there on Sunday, Jan. 2, 1977. (AP Photo)
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Sadly for Mr. Carter, the “crisis of confidence” speech failed to rally the nation, in part because on top of the energy crisis and Mr. Volcker’s recession, the Soviet Union had invaded Afghanistan and revolutionaries in Iran took U.S. diplomats hostage.
The abysmal failure of a military rescue mission made Mr. Carter seem even more ineffective and came to define his presidency in many eyes. The Iranians held the U.S. hostages for 444 days, until the final hours of his presidency.
But former Gov. Riley looks back on Mr. Carter’s lifetime achievements with respect. While still a state senator, Mr. Riley became one of Mr. Carter’s earliest supporters because he liked his ideas and found him honorable.
Mr. Carter returned the respect, calling on Mr. Riley for a number of tasks, among them serving on the first official American delegation to China.
The two stayed in touch after both left elective office. Mr. Carter founded the Carter Center. Mr. Riley became President Bill Clinton’s secretary of education.
A few years ago, Mr. Riley summed up the Carter legacy: a devout Christian, a “very patriotic man” and “a great role model.”
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Publish date : 2024-12-30 07:45:00
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