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The virus spreads via mosquitos from slothsCredit: Getty
The first, a 26-year-old woman, developed a typical fever and diarrhoea after returning to Verona on May 26 from a two-week trip to Ciego de Ávila, in central Cuba.
The second had travelled to Havana and Santiago de Cuba in early May and was treated in Fori, northern Italy, on June 7 after he began experiencing symptoms.
Tests by the Department of Tropical Infectious Diseases at the Sacred Heart Don Calabria Hospital, north of Verona, detected the Oropouche virus in the patients’ blood.
Both travellers have since fully recovered.
It is the first time an Oropouche infection has been diagnosed outside of Latin America, where the disease is spreading.
“We should definitely be worried,” Dr Danny Altmann, a Professor of Immunology at Imperial College London, told told The Telegraph.
“Things are changing and may become unstoppable.”
Since the diagnosis was disclosed, more travelers in Italy with recent visits to Latin America have tested positive for the virus, according to the study’s authors.
Most Oropouche infections are mild, with symptoms similar to Dengue, including a headache, body pains, nausea, a rash and sensitivity to light.
Some individuals may also experience gastrointestinal symptoms, like sickness and diarrhoea.
In severe cases, the virus can also attack the brain leading to meningitis or encephalitis, which can be fatal.
It has recently been linked to birth defects and miscarriages.
The virus, dubbed ‘sloth’ fever, circulates between primates, sloths, and birds, in the wild – before it is occasionally passed to humans by midges and mosquitoes.
Dengue Fever: What You Need to Know
A surge in cases of the bug, which is endemic in the Amazon Rainforest, has been recorded in Brazil this year – 7,284, up from 832 in 2023.
And many infections have been recorded in areas that have not previously seen the virus.
Cuba’s Ministry of Public Health of Cuba first reported Oropouche cases on May 27.
Since then a total of 74 cases have been confirmed.
Outbreaks have also been reported in Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru.
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Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago have also recorded cases.
Last month, Brazil reported the first-ever deaths from the virus after two women in their early twenties succumbed to the illness in Bahia state in the northeast of the country,
The two women, aged 21 and 24, suffered severe bleeding and hypotension and were reported dead on July 25.
In June Brazil’s health minister reported a pregnant woman lost her baby at 30 weeks, with the Oropouche virus detected in the umbilical cord and organs.
They also noted four cases of microcephaly – where a baby’s head is much smaller than expected.
A miscarriage at eight weeks’ gestation was also linked to the virus.
Oropouche virus: Everything you need to know
Oropouche fever is a disease caused by Oropouche virus
It is spread through the bites of infected midges (small flies) and mosquitoes.
Symptoms of Oropouche fever are similar to dengue and include headache, fever, muscle aches, stiff joints, nausea, vomiting, chills, or sensitivity to light.
Severe cases may result in brain diseases such as meningitis.
Symptoms typically start 4–8 days after being bitten and last 3–6 days.
Most people recover without long-term effects.
There are no specific medications or vaccines are available.
Precautions
Travellers heading to affected areas should take steps to avoid bug bites.
The virus is endemic in many South American countries, in both rural and urban communities.
Outbreaks are periodically reported in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago.
Wear tops with long sleeves and long trousers, apply insect repellent regularly, and sleep under a mosquito net if you are not in enclosed, air-conditioned accommodation.
Source: US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
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Publish date : 2024-08-09 05:11:00
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